381 Royalty-Free Audio Tracks for "Cycling"

A near chaotic experiment. Im mixing cycling envelopes and lfos to generate triggers. The four sounds are totally unrelated. > bass drum. > snare (or something. . . )> bass. The pitches for the bass are generated withthree mixed lfos. A trigger is generated from the quantizerwhen the cv changed enough to generate a new note inthe selected scale. > ear piercing and annoying sound. Three minutes of more than enough.

Sound of air which exits inner tube. Sound recorded with a zoom h4n pro. Son d’air s’échappant d’une chambre à air. Son enregistré avec un zoom h4n pro. My sounds are licensed under the creative commons 0 license but it would be a pleasure for me to hear your work so doesn’t hesitate to comment or to send me a message with your work :).

Windy bike ride. Recorded with zoom h2. Edited with audacity. This sound is cc0 but i highly recommend that you include a link to this page when using it, to avoid misunderstandings. Http://farm9. Staticflickr. Com/8070/8213683889_517a10ef52_o. Pngon flac and ogg vorbis audio file formats. Contact me if you have interest in specific sounds for open source or commercial purpose.

Sounds generated by assigning the "wave out" or "line out" signal of the soundcard to a track in fl, and turnin it up. This acts as a digital delay effect with infinite feedback and a very high cycle rate. Basically the noise (similar to pink noise) is produced by the soundcard and the resonance is produced by the low pass filter and the convolution reverb mapping of the waldassen cathedral.

Patch consiting of- jupiter storm- jerkoff- filter- 2 x lfo- mixer- (spring reverb). Jupiter storm and jerkoff is in a "weak feedback loop". . . Purpose with patch is to evaluate the quality of the generative sounds/musicit will never repeat it self but there is some cyclic repetitionone cycle is about 50 sec - goodonly short sounds - badamplitude variation - badpitch variation - goodtimbre variation - okaymusical value - low to mediumentertaining - medium.

Electronic minute no 31 - scales with fnattyep down to cscales made with envelope generatorsonce in a while they get fnatt5 envelope generators in use. Don't miss it>>> there is a bonus sound at the end!!!basically the same patch! but on acid :-). Evaluation of patch/soundone cycle is - not that longonly short sounds - yep, good in this caseamplitude variation - well not muchpitch variation - controlled by envelopetimbre variation - nomusical value - maybe, but not the fnatt partentertaining - ambient bleeps ad bloops?.

Recording done 25/04/2020 in manizales, caldas. Details of recording:sound of pipes and pipe connected to a washing machine after washing cycle. Frequency:44. 100recorder: huawei dra-lx3////////////////grabación realizada el 25/04/2020 en manizales, caldasdetalle de captura:sonido de las tuberías y tubos conectados a una lavadora después de su ciclo de lavado. Frecuencia: 44. 100grabadora: huawei dra-lx3.

Recording of clothes in the dry cleaner for a bit longer than one hour. I recorded this in order to use for my newborn to be able to fall asleep as white noise sound. Works pretty fine because of the repetition;at the end of the recording, the machine stops and restarts a few times for a few short cycles. Recorded with zoom h4n in mp3 format. Reduced background noise in audition. Exported to ogg because of large file size.

Recorded by peter speer. Formatted for use in the make noise morphagene. Footsteps over ice and snow. Recorded in stereo on a zoom h6, december 17, 2018 in asheville, nc. This reel has been divided into 24, evenly spaced 4-second splices. I've found some great textures through playing the reel back at 1x speed, with gene-size, morph, slide and organize modulated by sequencers, random cv and cycling lfos. Time stretching the reel also leads to some fantastic new environments. Enjoy!.

Recording of a stone mill wheel grinding dry corn for flour. It's in a little stone outhouse, a generator outside powers a belt driven stone wheel. The recording changes in perspective and cycles from the lower part (a wooden crate to receive the milled flour) to the upper element (a large plastic funnel in which the dried corn grains are tipped) and then back down again. 48k/16 bitrecorded in 2010.

Electronic minute no 28 - chaos and random are friends now. Patch with jerkoff, envelope follower, sample and hold, ring modulation and delayi like the sound my self :-). Evaluation of patch/soundone cycle is - about 30 sec - goodonly short sounds - yes, good this timeamplitude variation - not very much, okaypitch variation - yepp, enough, goodtimbre variation - some, okaymusical value - i should consider this musicalentertaining - think so, yes.

Recorded in my dad's bedroom with lifecam hd3000 webcam. This is a much better recording than my previous oxygen concentrator file, as i hauled my desktop into the bedroom at the other end of the apartment where the machine now is, when i was home alone. The webcam is on the bed about 3 or 4 feet from the machineat the beginning of the file you hear me flip the big switch and the machine comes on with a long on beep and thumps. I edited it to start then. At 00:1. 8 what i suspect is the water pump comes on, though i may be wrong. That's when the gurgling starts though. The machine has a small reservoir for distilled water to moisten the airflow. A cup or two lasts several daysyou'll hear various hisses and thumps in a 15. 6 second cycle as it runs. At 03:03 i flip the big switch to shut the machine off, and it bubbles and gurgles away for the rest of the file, as water i assume slowly perculates back into the reservoir, the bubbling getting quieter and quieter until it doesn't even sound like bubbling anymore, until it finally ticks to a stop. At 03:16 you hear me step as i get my foot loose from the mic cord lol. At 04:13 the furnace shuts down as a car finishes going by outside in the bass register, faint traffic noises and the furnace being the only background noises you'll hear aside from my moving around a couple times, and a faint bluejay at the end. At about 07:00 you can barely hear the machine anymore, but i could hear a faint ticking with my own ears. At 07:04 the furnace comes back on. At 07:08 you'll hear a bluejay faintly calling outside and a car going by outside after, which finishes the file at 07:20. I edited out my walking to the computer to shut the recording down. From wikipediaoxygen concentrators typically use pressure swing adsorption technology and are used very widely for oxygen provision in healthcare applications, especially where liquid or pressurised oxygen is too dangerous or inconvenient, such as in homes or in portable clinics. Oxygen concentrators are also used to provide an economical source of oxygen in industrial processes, where they are also known as oxygen gas generators or oxygen generation plants. Oxygen concentrators utilize a molecular sieve to adsorb gasses and operate on the principle of rapid pressure swing adsorption of atmospheric nitrogen onto zeolite minerals and then venting the nitrogen. This type of adsorption system is therefore functionally a nitrogen scrubber leaving the other atmospheric gasses to pass through. This leaves oxygen as the primary gas remaining. Psa technology is a reliable and economical technique for small to mid-scale oxygen generation, with cryogenic separation more suitable at higher volumes and external delivery generally more suitable for small volumes. [1]at high pressure, the porous zeolite adsorbs large quantities of nitrogen, due to its large surface area and chemical character. After the oxygen and other free components are collected the pressure drops which allows nitrogen to desorb. An oxygen concentrator has an air compressor, two cylinders filled with zeolite pellets, a pressure equalizing reservoir, and some valves and tubes. In the first half-cycle the first cylinder receives air from the compressor, which lasts about 3 seconds. During that time the pressure in the first cylinder rises from atmospheric to about 1. 5 times normal atmospheric pressure (typically 20 psi/138 kpa gauge, or 1. 36 atmospheres absolute) and the zeolite becomes saturated with nitrogen. As the first cylinder reaches near pure oxygen (there are small amounts of argon, co2, water vapour, radon and other minor atmospheric components) in the first half-cycle, a valve opens and the oxygen enriched gas flows to the pressure equalizing reservoir, which connects to the patient's oxygen hose. At the end of the first half of the cycle, there is another valve position change so that the air from the compressor is directed to the 2nd cylinder. Pressure in the first cylinder drops as the enriched oxygen moves into the reservoir, allowing the nitrogen to be desorbed back into gas. Part way through the second half of the cycle there is another valve position change to vent the gas in the first cylinder back into the ambient atmosphere, keeping the concentration of oxygen in the pressure equalizing reservoir from falling below about 90%. The pressure in the hose delivering oxygen from the equalizing reservoir is kept steady by a pressure reducing valve. Older units cycled with a period of about 20 seconds, and supplied up to 5 litres per minute of 90+% oxygen. Since about 1999, units capable of supplying up to 10 lpm have been available.

2nd sound today! in spite of short time by the synth. . . . Anyway here in using a feedback loop on the quadra envelope generatorstrange effect with long pausesi use quantizer on thisnoise from jupiter storm. Evaluation of patch/soundone cycle is - about 17 sec - goodonly short sounds - no and yes, good this timeamplitude variation - yep goodpitch variation - yep, enough, goodtimbre variation - could say somusical value - i should consider this musicalentertaining - hmm. . . Interesting.

Feedback loop involving jupiter storm, a-147-2vcdlfo and a-101-1 vactrol vcfcv injected from 2 x sloth and intellijel quadra expander in quadra moodsome spring reverb. After ~1min i switch "noise core disruptor" (jupiter storm) off. Evaluation of patch/soundone cycle is about 28 sec - goodonly short sounds - badamplitude variation - goodpitch variation - goodtimbre variation - goodmusical value - low to mediumentertaining - high, or what?. Merry christmas! :-).

I live on a lake and this is what my back patio sounds like every night. They live in the branches of the weeping willow trees that dip down to the water. The sound starts with one frog, then a few join in, and soon there as a chorus of them on all ends of the lake in all tempos going at once. Then when a crescendo is reached, they all start to stop one by one until it's silent again. But the silence only lasts for minute, and then the cycle repeats. I don't know if it's some huge frog mating ritual, or family reunion.

A sound effect of me riding my bicycle. First i kicked up the stand and started riding; and then i pulled the breaks, almost wrecked, and put the stand back down after stopping. Thanks for listening, and be sure to follow me for more sound effects to come!. P. S. I request that all my sound effects only be used for clean, appropriate media and projects. Thanks!.

Sound of bikes passing on a road in south of france, near mont ventoux. Sound recorded with a zoom h4n pro and a rycote mini wind screen. Son de vélos sur une route du sud de la france, près du mont ventoux (vaucluse). Son enregistré avec un zoom h4n pro et une bonnette rycote mini wind screen. My sounds are licensed under the creative commons 0 license but it would be a pleasure for me to hear your work so doesn’t hesitate to comment or to send me a message with your work :).

This is a compilation of freesound files. It is intended as background atmospheric sound. I find it stands by itself, so i am uploading it as is, though i added more layers to it as "scary night complete". Loops, cycling from calm night through a windy, brief storm. Really ought to be longer, but. . . Formed from:171984__kyster__massive-hail-and-two-deep-thunderbolts-2012-11-02191934__klankbeeld__creacking-oak-6bft-short-130418-0023405__neilg__rainonleaves-june2006245824__1ratatosk1__nightscapes-asplund-ett-min253535__kvgarlic__windblownleavesskitteringacrossasphaltoct31st2014267551__yoyodaman234__thunder2267550__yoyodaman234__thunder3267549__yoyodaman234__thunder4272322__klankbeeld__wind-in-willow-02-contact-mic-150426-064462488__sagetyrtle__1103octobernight83985__inchadney__owls. The two main tracks are 62488__sagetyrtle__1103octobernight (a lovely autumnal evening) and 272322__klankbeeld__wind-in-willow-02-contact-mic-150426-0644 (which i stretched in audacity for the underlying groaning as well as using as is).

* the music is a backing track, intended for practice, exploring the dorian tonality. The backing track runs through each of twelve tonal centers, starting with d dorian and moving down a fifth every four measures (counterclockwise through the cycle of fifths), ending with a dorian. * the audio consists of a single pass through the 12 tonalities, but the files are optimized for looping and should transition smoothly from end to beginning, given the appropriate looping software or hardware. * the tempo is 95 bpm. * i enjoyed making this track and found it useful for practicing various ideas, such as running scales in different positions, directions, and intervallic combinations, superimposing triad and tetrad shapes, voicings, inversions, and lines. And just jamming out and improvising freeform.

4ch surround recording of a bike riding through city traffic (leipzig/germany) on an evening in late spring. Recorded with a zoom h2 with a rycote windshield in a shock mount fastened to the center frame above the pedals. All recordings in the set are raw from the recorder and will usually need a hi-pass filter to deal with the rumble. Steady riding and freewheeling along a minor street, with some cars and a scooter passing, some gear switching and stopping at a red light with cars passing on the intersecting street at the end. These are the rear channels, mics set to 120° dispersion.

* the music is a backing track, intended for practice, exploring the lydian tonality. The backing track runs through each of twelve tonal centers, starting with d lydian and moving down a fifth every two measures (counterclockwise through the cycle of fifths), ending with a lydian. * the audio consists of a single pass through the 12 tonalities, but the files are optimized for looping and should transition smoothly from end to beginning, given the appropriate looping software or hardware. * i enjoyed making this track and found it useful for practicing various ideas, such as running scales in different positions, directions, and intervallic combinations, superimposing triad and tetrad shapes, voicings, inversions, and lines. And just jamming out and improvising freeform.

Sound of motorcycle and bikes passing on a road in south of france, near mont ventoux. Sound recorded with a zoom h4n pro and a rycote mini wind screen. Son d’une moto et de vélos sur une route du sud de la france, près du mont ventoux (vaucluse). Son enregistré avec un zoom h4n pro et une bonnette rycote mini wind screen. My sounds are licensed under the creative commons 0 license but it would be a pleasure for me to hear your work so doesn’t hesitate to comment or to send me a message with your work :).

Sound of motorcycle and bikes passing on a road in south of france, near mont ventoux. Sound recorded with a zoom h4n pro and a rycote mini wind screen. Son d’une moto et de vélos sur une route du sud de la france, près du mont ventoux (vaucluse). Son enregistré avec un zoom h4n pro et une bonnette rycote mini wind screen. My sounds are licensed under the creative commons 0 license but it would be a pleasure for me to hear your work so doesn’t hesitate to comment or to send me a message with your work :).

This audio clip is for the assignment audition 1 in the intro to multimedia class at cmc. Original audio clipshttp://www. Freesound. Org/people/daveincamas/sounds/27086/http://www. Freesound. Org/people/suonidibologna/sounds/149946/http://www. Freesound. Org/people/csengeri/sounds/96504/http://www. Freesound. Org/people/malexmedia/sounds/35250/http://www. Freesound. Org/people/studiorat/sounds/22349/changes were made to each clip to fit the requirements of the assignment which were:remove every other clock tick for 4 cycles, then every third, then every 4th. Remove pop around 58 seconds. Generally clean up pops in track. Remove background hiss. Remove 2 pops, increase amplitude to make louderremove the harshness of the kids s's, generally increase quality of track.

A recording of ringing a bicycle bell, slowed by 64%. Production stages- first of all we recorded the sound of a bicycle bell, then i imported it to audacity. I cut the beginning as well as the end, adding a constant gain at the beginning and a constant fade at the end so that the sound would be even more harmonic. Then i slightly compressed the sound, and normalized it. Then i used a “noise reduction” in order to get rid of the sound in the background and a slight equalizer. Ce son est de type v- continu varié. Dès le début il augmente avec les vibrations de la sonnette. C’est un son cannelé. Il est harmonique et résonant et ressemble à une cloche, mais est en fait une sonnette d’un bicyclette ralenti à 64%. Il est lisse et comporte des vibrations (vibrato). L’attaque au début est graduelle, douce, clair, riche et saturé. Il y a des variations scalaires qui nous ammenent à un pic clairement montré. C’est un son énergique et joyeux.

I have built a nonlinearcircuits sloth lfo, the regular version. Sloth is a chaotic lfo. The output is based on the lorenz system. It is a system of ordinary differential equations. It is notable for having chaotic solutions for certain parameter values and initial conditions. In particular, the lorenz attractor is a set of chaotic solutions of the lorenz system which, when plotted, resemble a butterfly or figure eight (very much from wikipedia). The sloth has two outputs x and y. Think of them as coordinate pairs. The output will probably never repeat itself but there is a pattern. I have built the regular sloth it usually takes approx 15 seconds to make a rough figure 8, one cycle in the “butterly”. The knob changes the chaotic pattern. At some settings the signals will spend more time in one strange attractor than the other. Now i’m testing the module in different ways. In this sound i have connected white noise to a filter. The filter frequency is controlled by sloth (x output). In this patch i have set the initial frequency at 12 o'clock. . . The output sound from filter goes to reverb.

I have built a nonlinearcircuits sloth lfo, the regular version. Sloth is a chaotic lfo. The output is based on the lorenz system. It is a system of ordinary differential equations. It is notable for having chaotic solutions for certain parameter values and initial conditions. In particular, the lorenz attractor is a set of chaotic solutions of the lorenz system which, when plotted, resemble a butterfly or figure eight (very much from wikipedia). The sloth has two outputs x and y. Think of them as coordinate pairs. The output will probably never repeat itself but there is a pattern. I have built the regular sloth it usually takes approx 15 seconds to make a rough figure 8, one cycle in the “butterly”. Now i’m testing the module in different ways. In this sound i have connected white noise to a filter. The filter frequency is controlled by sloth (x output). In this patch i have set the initial frequency low. That’s why there is a low humming wind noise between the “tops”. The output sound from filter goes to reverb. The sound is more a study of sloth behavior than an attempt to create a great wind sound.

This 6:17 minute cut from a 25:00 piv (penis in vagina) sex session that features loud doggystyle sexual intercourse between two young consenting adults. Recorded in september 2016 in a california dorm room: female is asian, 19 y. O. , male is white, 21 y. O. Both are rather slender, and have already had orgasms from oral sex. The slapping sound is made from the male's lower abdomen and testicles rhythmically striking the female's bum during rapid penetration -- the female is kneeling on the edge of a bed and the male is standing on the floor. There is no artificial birth control used -- the couple uses "natural family planning" meaning sex occurs only during infertile times of the female's ovulation cycle. Despite the loud sound of flesh slapping together, the couple is actually very slender -- the recording is natural with no effort to "act out" and there is a slight background music: classical. The parts edited out to make this 6:17 cut were aspects of piv sex that was too quiet to hear -- other sexual positions, i. E. , the female lying face-down with her stomach touching the bed, male atop, were at a much slower tempo so as to be nearly silent.

This is a reading from the second chapter of "nathaniel's nutmeg: or, the true and incredible adventures of the spice trader who changed the course of history", by giles milton. It is also intended for the freesound sound museum to represent books as what is fading rapidly into obsolescence. By the time you read this, you may not even know what a books is. Books are when the written word is compiled onto sheets of paper in a long-form volume. You may not know what paper is. Paper is commonly used to write on or make oregano cranes with, being flat and thin rectangles made from trees. You probably won't remember what a tree was. That is a very sad thing. They are all gone now, destroyed in feckless deference to paper. When the paper runs out, there will be nothing left to write our collective histories on, what we desperately need. When this occurs, it will stand as the moment our past was truly lost, leaving us lost the same, drifting in circles. Until another man or woman rises up to invent trees again, thus beginning the cycle anew. It's a beautiful idea. We should always be moving towards the future, not lost in syrupy memories of old forests not seen for what they really are: petrified wood and amber. Leave that with the other fossils and relics. Let it be the final page written on the last book until it crumbles to dust. Let it go. The file was recorded using a mid/side stereo technique at 24bits, downsampled to 16bits under the loving care of gaussian dither. The room was treated as best i could to be acoustically pleasing and quiet. I think you will find the noise floor to be particularly well balanced and textured, suitable for post-production tasks, or just for relaxing with at home. .

This is the audible annunciation found at all intersections with traffic lights in paris, france. It announces the condition of the traffic lights for pedestrians who are blind or with impaired vision. The annunciation is turned on by pressing a button on the traffic light pole. When the crosswalk sign is red (do not cross), the recorded annunciation is always "rouge piéton" ("red light, pedestrian"), followed by the name of the street that the crosswalk crosses (in this case "rue d'antin," the quiet side street where i recorded this). This repeats over and over until the crosswalk changes to green, at which point there is a two-second trill tone followed by a repeating bell tone. The bell tone is one bell, followed by two bells, repeated four times, followed by a very brief pause, and then the sequence is repeated again. This continues until the crosswalk changes back to red, at which point the "rouge piéton" message resumes. The annunciation continues for at least one cycle of the traffic lights and then stops, unless the button is pressed again. The audio quality of the annunciation is very poor even in real life (it sounds like a wax cylinder recording or something), and can be difficult to understand. This recording accurately captures the poor quality of the annunciation. The volume of the annunciation is also adjusted dynamically based on ambient noise, so there is a slight change in volume on this recording as the system apparently reacts to noise from traffic or something. There is a weak background noise that sounds like some sort of machine, but it wasn't coming from the traffic light and i don't know the source. The recording starts with the crosswalk red, then at about 18. 3 seconds it changes to green, then it changes back to red at about 53 seconds. A car passes at around 48 seconds. Recorded with a zoom h4n, stereo 96 khz / 24 bits, built-in mics, from about ten inches below the tiny speaker in the crosswalk sign housing.

Calm ambient track. Winter woods / pinewood february 12. 41 pm (noon) in the netherlands near village giersbergen. Bram’s admin request-text and my answer in audio. Hello freesounders,it happens very infrequently that i post requests. However, i have an extraordinary sad reason to do so today. I don't want to go into detail in this public forum, but someone incredibly important and incredibly young in my life and my wife's just passed away. I am thus looking for an extra long recording of a peaceful "forrest ambience" to play during the good-bye ceremony. Something with some birds and perhaps some wind through the leaves,. . . . Currently the ceremony is planned for april 6th so i would need this before then. I know i can look through freesound, but i would like something specifically recorded with this in mind, something we will be able to listen to later as well, remembering this important and sad time in our life. . . Yours in grief,- bram & familywhat you hear;general-noise; soft wind in woods, sometime a bit increasing. A far kid at the edge of hamlet giersbergen. Far hum of the woods. Remark that the far high altitude planes are on a very lo noise level. Off and on craws and woodpeckers. 00. 00-02. 18 clean background-sound02. 18-06. 57 far high altitude plane- 04. 08-05. 42 people passing06. 05- 08. 13 clean background-sound- 07. 15-08. 12 woodpecker08. 16-10. 33 far high altitude plane10. 33-11. 44 clean background-sound- 10. 44-11. 32 (far) woodpeckers11. 33-12. 53 far police serine12. 55-14. 11 clean with some far yelling kids and woodpeckers14. 15-16. 14 far high altitude plane16. 14-26. 11 clean background-sound with some friendly increasing wind gusts- 23. 06-23. 56 woodpeckers- 25. 53-26. 08 woodpecker26. 08-end far high altitude plane and people. More recordings here search: giersbergen. About the area, national park loonse en drunense duinen. (text by irma de potter,ranger of this area) dutch website: https://www. Natuurmonumenten. Nl/natuurgebieden/nationaal-park-loonse-en-drunense-duinen. In the loonse en drunense duinen you will find forest, heathland and especially a lot of sand. It is one of the largest shifting sand areas in western europe. The wind can blow undisturbed in many places, resulting in an ever-changing landscape. By purchasing it in 1921, it has been protected for 100 years and we can still enjoy this brabant sahara today. You can roam freely on the sand plain. So there is plenty of room to explore extensively. Marvel at the submerged trees, enjoy the chirping field crickets and quench your thirst at one of the many cafes or restaurants on the edge of this nature reserve. Walking, cycling or on horseback: it's all possible here. With the wind in your hair and the sand in your shoes. You may even come across the sheep herd. The sheep keep the heath short and eat away saplings. This is how they keep the area open. The loonse en drunense duinen still has 270 hectares of shifting sand. That sand creates rather extreme conditions: the soil is dry and nutrient-poor. The difference in temperature between day and night can be as much as 50 degrees celsius. This ensures a unique flora and fauna. The animals and plants have adapted or feel at home in drought, aridity and temperature fluctuations. Sand sedge and various lichens, for example. And the viviparous lizard, sandpit beetles and sand bees. All species that love sand. In the last ice age, the polar winds blew sand from the north to brabant, where it remained in thick packages. For a long time this sandy plain was covered with primeval forests. Until the fourteenth century the trees were felled by people. They used the wood as fuel. The bare plain was filled with heather, where the farmers grazed their cattle. This intensive grazing and the sod cutting of the soil depleted the soil. This gave the sand free play. For a long time, the sand was a major problem for the residents. Villages and fields threatened to disappear under it. Trees were planted to stop the advancing sand. You can still see the traces of this today: find the submerged trees that only peak above the sand hills with their crowns. Date/time: february 15th tuesday 2017, start 12. 44 pm. Weather: 13c, clear sky, wind se 2-3bft , 1023 hpa. Mic pointed ne. Location; soft-wood-forest giersbergen (drunen), national park “loonse en drunense duinen”, drunen, noord-brabant, netherlands (holland), europe geo 51. 65566 5. 15774. Gear chain: sennheiser mkh30/50 ms, in rycote cyclone small, windjammer > sound devices 302 >tascam dr-100 mk2. Low cut 140hz 6db/octave. Level around -33db for background. Decoded mid-side to stereo.